| 腘窝囊肿的诊断及治疗进展 |
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投稿时间：2018-03-17 修订日期：2018-04-07
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| 期刊信息：《中国骨伤》年，第卷，第期，第-页 |
| DOI： |
| 基金项目:山西省卫生计生委科研课题计划任务书（2015039） |
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| 中文摘要:【】腘窝囊肿是一种常见的膝关节周围囊肿,又叫Baker’s囊肿。随着目前对于腘窝囊肿的研究发现,其发病机制主要是由于各种原因引起的膝关节内压力增高,导致腓肠肌内侧头与半膜肌肌腱滑囊膨出而形成。目前的诊断方法主要有膝关节平片、超声、及磁共振。其中,磁共振被认为是诊断腘窝囊肿的金标准。治疗方法多种多样,主要有保守治疗、传统手术切除及关节镜手术。近年来,腘窝囊肿的治疗重点逐渐从单纯切除囊肿转变为关节镜下处理关节内病变及对关节腔与囊肿的交通口的处理上。但对于最有效的治疗方式仍有争议。本文通过回顾过去的文献研究,分别从腘窝囊肿的流行病学、病理机制、临床表现与体征、辅助检查、诊断与鉴别诊断及临床治疗六个方面详细描述。对不同诊断方法及治疗方法进行对比总结,为临床诊疗提供依据。 |
| 【关键词】腘窝囊肿 诊断 治疗 综述 |
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| The diagnosis and treatment of popliteal cyst |
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| ABSTRACT Popliteal cyst is a common peri-knee cyst，also known as a Baker’s Cyst. With the current development of popliteal cysts, the pathogenesis is mainly due to increased pressure in the knee joint caused by various reasons, leading to a fluid-filled sac that can form behind the knee as a result of enlargement of the gastrocnemius-semimembranosus bursa. The current diagnostic methods include X-ray computed, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance. Among them, magnetic resonance imaging is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of popliteal cysts. There are various treatments, including conservative treatment, traditional surgical resection and arthroscopic surgery. In recent years, the focus of the treatment of popliteal cysts has gradually shifted from the simple removal of cysts to arthroscopic treatment of intra-articular lesions and the treatment of joint- cyst communication. However, there are still controversies about the most effective treatment. This article reviews past literature research and describes in detail the epidemiology, pathological mechanism, clinical manifestations and signs, auxiliary examination, diagnosis and differential diagnosis and clinical treatment of popliteal cysts. Different diagnosis methods and treatment methods are compared and summarized to provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. |
| KEY WORDS Popliteal cyst diagnosis treatment Review |
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